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ALTITUDE
Costa Rica is a mountainous country, with the capital San José situated at 1,100 meters. The highest point in Costa Rica, Mount Chirripó, rises to 3,820 meters. Excursions to the Irazú volcano (3,200 meters) require good physical condition, but the site is accessible by car, including for people in wheelchairs.
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BANKS
They offer currency exchange services. Hours are often continuous throughout the day, generally from 8:00 am to 4:00 pm. For stays in remote areas, it is advisable to withdraw cash in the city. It is strongly recommended to bring US dollars and avoid euros.
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CREDIT CARDS
Major credit cards are accepted in most establishments, except for very small grocery stores. ATMs can be found in larger cities. Always have some cash with you and ask where the “cajero automático” is located.
CRAFTS
Woodworking – traditional hand-painted carts, jewelry made from precious woods – constitutes the main craft of Costa Rica. Most workshops are located in Sárchi, a village in the central valley. Guaitil, in Guanacaste, is renowned for its indigenous ceramics and reproductions of pre-Columbian figurines.
CLIMATE
Costa Rica is a tropical country with two seasons: a dry season (from November to early May) and a rainy season (from May to October). During the rainy season, mornings are generally sunny, with showers occurring in the mid-afternoon. Temperature variations are minor throughout the year. Altitude is the determining factor for temperature: San José, at 1,100 meters above sea level, enjoys an eternal spring with temperatures ranging from 16 to 28 degrees. Coastal regions are the hottest (from 21 to 32 degrees). Water temperature varies between 27 and 31 degrees year-round. Due to its geographical position, the country avoids hurricanes that regularly hit the Caribbean. What’s the weather like today: check our weather module to your right!
CRIME
Crime exists in Costa Rica, but the country remains calm. However, the same safety rules as in world capitals should be followed. Never display your money, do not leave your luggage unattended, and avoid exposing valuable items (gold earrings and watches). Unload your rental car before leaving it parked. Park your vehicle where recommended by your hotel manager. Use the hotel safe to store your official documents and lock your room properly.
COMMUNICATIONS
Telephone lines, fax, radio, cable TV, and the Internet are operational throughout almost the entire territory. To call Costa Rica from France: + 506 + 8 digits. For example, to call Cactus Tour from France, dial 00506.22.61.79.42. To call France from Costa Rica: 00 33 + area code + 7 digits, for example, to call 00 33 + 1 + 47 01 01 01. Mail sent from Costa Rica takes about eight days to arrive in France.
CUSTOMS
Costa Rican customs are present at the arrival and departure of tourists, and routine checks may occur. People undergoing medical treatment should have their prescriptions. Visitors are allowed to bring with them 200 cigarettes or 25 cigars, two liters of alcoholic beverages, and four small bottles of perfume. Drugs are illegal in Costa Rica.
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DRINKS
The water is drinkable in almost the entire country. You can buy bottled water. Fresh fruit juices, called “naturales” or “batidos,” are excellent. They can be served with or without added sugar, water, or milk. You will have the opportunity to taste various rums and guaro. In the villages of Guanacaste, you will enjoy drinks made from corn, peanuts, and other ground seeds mixed with milk, sugar, and vanilla. Some wines are local: vino de coyol, vino de nance. You will also find beers brewed in Costa Rica, such as Imperial, Bavaria, and Rock.
DEFORESTATION
Despite measures taken for biodiversity conservation, Costa Rica records 20,000 hectares of deforested land each year, half of which occurs on private land. In Costa Rica, the deforestation of the 1960s-1970s was the result of cattle farming development, driven by the United States, which encouraged bovine agriculture. Soil degradation is also due to the expansion of banana plantations, as well as mango, citrus, and pineapple plantations. The financial lure cleared a total of 60% of the national territory in a decade. Fortunately, today, deforestation has been reduced by 90%. Aware for many years that natural resources are not inexhaustible, Costa Rica has established a strong policy of sustainable development and environmental protection. To compensate for these harms, the MINAET (Ministry of Environment, Energy, and Telecommunications) now subsidizes farmers who make efforts to preserve primary and secondary forests. Reforestation measures are also in place, and protected areas cover 25% of Costa Rica (the first park was created in 1963). We also acknowledge the actions of NGOs.
DRIVING
The main roads, regularly punctuated with gas stations, are in fairly good condition. Efforts have been made to improve signage (+1200 signs in 2009). The Ticos will gladly give you directions. It is possible to rent GPS devices. Remember that Costa Rica is a mountainous country: curves are not absent and are often hairpin turns. The state of the secondary road network is more unpredictable. A French driving license is sufficient to rent a vehicle. Radar checks are frequent: speed limits (80 to 90 km on expressways) must be respected. Seat belts for the driver and passengers, as well as child seats and boosters, are mandatory.
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ELECTRICITY
The current is 110 Volts / 60 Hz. The outlets are American, with two flat prongs. If you travel with European devices (charger, hairdryer, razor), an adapter is necessary.
EXCHANGE
The currency is the colon (currently 1 dollar = 450 colones). For the latest rate, use our converter. IT IS VERY DIFFICULT TO EXCHANGE EUROS IN COSTA RICA. Therefore, it is advisable to bring US dollars in denominations of 50 USD and less. US currency is easily exchanged in banks and hotels, as are traveler’s checks. In supermarkets, it is also possible to pay in US dollars. International credit cards are widely accepted.
EXIT TAX
The airport tax is normally included in your plane ticket. If you exit by land, an exit tax of about $6 USD will be required at the border.
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FOREST
A quarter of the territory has been declared a protected area. All types of tropical forests are represented. You will find primary, secondary, rain, cloud, dry tropical, and humid tropical forests. The following tips are valid in all places: 1) Do not use trees or vines for support while walking. Many plants are covered with more or less dangerous thorns; they may also harbor a snake or venomous insect. 2) Use repellent to avoid insect bites. 3) Walk slowly and in silence to discover the country while respecting its fauna.
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GEOGRAPHY
The territory extends between the 8° and 11° north meridian latitude, and the 83° and 86° west longitude. Costa Rica is located between Panama (to the south) and Nicaragua (to the north). Its area, 51,100 km², is equivalent to that of Brittany and Normandy combined. The country, mountainous and volcanic in the center, has 1,000 km of coastline on the Pacific Ocean and 200 km on its Atlantic side. Learn more about geography.
GASTRONOMY
Costa Rica does not lack good products: you can enjoy all the vegetables from France, which are much larger, and all exotic products. “Gallo pinto” is the traditional breakfast, consisting of a mixture of rice, black beans, and eggs. The “casado” is one of the main lunch dishes. It is based on meat or fish, accompanied by rice, beans, vegetable medley, and plantain. Bread is not consumed during meals, but it is possible to buy it. The afternoon is often interrupted by coffee accompanied by sweet or savory bread. Learn more about gastronomy.
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HELICONIA
Magnificent tropical plant that you will see throughout your stay at any time of the year: birds of paradise, parrot beak… explosive yellow or red.
HEALTH
No vaccines are mandatory for people residing in Europe, and the country’s health situation is satisfactory. Water is drinkable everywhere, except in some very remote areas.
The yellow fever vaccine is mandatory for people coming from Sub-Saharan Africa, Bolivia, Venezuela, Brazil, Peru, Colombia, Ecuador, and French Guiana.
The network of Social Security hospitals and clinics covers the entire country. The care provided is of excellent quality, modern techniques are used, and doctors are well trained.
San José also has high-level private hospitals.
Travelers on specific treatments should bring their own medications, and it is always recommended to travel with a small first aid kit prepared with your general practitioner (paracetamol, anti-diarrheal…) and their prescriptions.
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INDIANS
Costa Rican Indians are divided into 8 ethnic groups. There are those originating from northern Central America (Malekus, Huetares, and Chorotegas) and those from northern South America (Cabecares, Bribris, Terrabas, Borucas, and Guaymies). There are currently about 60,000 Indians, half of whom live on indigenous lands. These lands represent nearly 7% of the national territory, but indigenous rights are poorly respected and their political and social representation is almost nonexistent. You can discover the culture of these ethnic groups by visiting some villages and participating in their daily lives.
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JOTA
The letter J in Spanish, of Arabic origin; pronounce “RO”. Used in words such as jalea or jelly (pronounced ra-lé-a), San José pronounced sane-ro-sé.
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LUGGAGE
Refer to your airline’s information regarding international flights. On-site, we will inform you of the trunk capacities of different rental car models. For domestic flights, according to the airlines, 1 checked baggage between 14 and 18 kg and 1 carry-on bag of 4.5 kg are allowed without additional charges. Excess baggage is charged on-site between 2 and 6 USD/kg extra. Special rates apply for oversized luggage such as surfboards or golf equipment.
LANGUAGES
Spanish is the official language. English is spoken in most hotels and restaurants. A basic knowledge of French is taught in public schools, but the language is not widely spoken. Our guides speak French; upon request, we can find a guide who speaks your native language.
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MARIMBA
A typical musical instrument of Latin America, the marimba resembles a xylophone with wooden keys. The city of Santa Cruz, Guanacaste, is the capital of the Marimba, whose sounds will make you spend wonderful evenings on the Pacific coast and in the Central Valley, among others! The player is called “marimbista” and the maker is called “marimbero”.
MEDICATIONS
It is recommended to travel with your own medications if you are on a particular treatment, and not to forget your prescription. Also, think about your small first aid kit, composed according to your general practitioner’s recommendations. It usually includes bandages, disinfectant, paracetamol, medications for intestinal disturbances and fever, and mosquito repellent.
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ORCHIDS
More than 1500 species identified. For orchid enthusiasts, the key flowering period is in March. The Lankester Garden near Cartago is a must-see. The national flower is the purple orchid Guaria Morada, with a white heart.
OFFENSES
Disrespecting and destroying archaeological and cultural heritage can be punished with several years of imprisonment. Drug use and possession of illegal substances are severely punished by Costa Rican law. Commercial sexual exploitation of children and adolescents is an offense punishable by imprisonment for up to 18 years, or even 50 years.
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PULPERÍA
These are local “grocery stores” where you can find snacks, drinks, tobacco, and all essential products.
NATIONAL PARKS
Reservations for some parks are mandatory, and tickets must be purchased online on the SINAC website. It is prohibited to enter parks with disposable plastic. Bring a reusable water bottle.
PURA VIDA
The expression “Pura Vida” is widely used in Costa Rica. It represents a wide range of mindsets. It can mean the concept of a simple but happy life, or be used to affirmatively answer many questions. This famous and typical Costa Rican expression was turned into a slogan by the government about ten years ago. Today, the national slogan is: “a country without artificial ingredients”. Some examples of use:
– To say hello: Pura Vida!
– To ask how are you: Pura Vida?
– To answer that you’re fine: Pura Vida…
– To say that your vacation is the best vacation of your life: Pura vida!!!!
POPULATION (in numbers)
The total population was 4.4 million inhabitants in 2010. With a life expectancy of 77 years, an average age of 27 years, and 26% of the population under 15 years old: the “Ticos” are a young people. The fertility rate is 2.24 children per woman, women have had the right to vote since 1949, parliament has 37% women, and the current president is a woman. Religion also has its place without being extreme. Costa Rica has 76% Catholic believers, 13% Protestant evangelicals, and various minority religions, in addition to 11% atheists. The population is concentrated around cities, with 60% living in the Central Valley and a density of 79.8 inhabitants per square kilometer. This agricultural land sees its population moving to cities to find a different lifestyle or employment. However, it should be noted that the unemployment rate is around 5.6% and the rate of undernourished population is +/- 5%. The education system is of a good standard and benefits from strong government support. The literacy rate is 96% and average schooling continues until the age of 11/12 years.
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QUETZAL
The mythical bird of the Maya that lives in cloud forests. Unable to survive in captivity, it is an endangered species that is well protected. Its dance during the breeding season between April and July allows you to admire all its beauty.
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RELIGION
The main religion is Catholicism, which is also the state religion, and the church is not separated from the state. There is a Minister of Worship and Censorship in Costa Rica. However, everyone is free to practice the religion that suits them, and in recent years, Protestant and evangelical churches have been steadily growing. Costa Ricans are predominantly believers and regularly attend their churches.
RESTAURANT
In San José, you can find a wide variety of restaurants of all origins. There are distinguished restaurants, often of a certain standing, and “sodas” that are more typical and popular. A 10% service charge is not always included. It is normally written on the menu whether the prices include taxes and/or service.
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SECURITY
Costa Rica is a stable and safe country. However, unfortunately, like in many countries, crime is increasing, and certain rules of caution must be respected. Avoid walking alone at night in the capital and on beaches, never display your money or leave your luggage unattended, and avoid exposing your valuables (leave gold earrings and watches in your suitcase). Unload your rental car before leaving it parked. Park your vehicle where the hotel manager recommends. Leave your official documents in the safe and properly lock your room.
SODA
The word “soda” refers to two things in Costa Rica. It can mean a small “fast food” restaurant, usually family-owned, where quick and typical dishes like casados, empanadas, and gallo pinto are served. “Soda” also refers to a carbonated water. For a lemonade or a drink with a red label, use the word “gaseosa”.
SUSTAINABILITY
Sustainability (or “sustainability”) aims to ensure the longevity of human society. It relies on an interactive triangle: economy, society, and environment. Sustainable development achieves sustainability, and one of its axes is sustainable tourism. Traveling sustainably means discovering a country while respecting the Earth and its people: participating in the development of the visited area, limiting your tourist impact, and respecting your hosts. Consult our sustainable practices and traveler advice.
SUITCASE: WHAT TO PACK?
It is advisable to pack practical cotton clothes, long-sleeved t-shirts for jungle and forest excursions, beachwear (swimsuit, towel, flip-flops).
Pack a light waterproof garment and a sweater for evenings, especially in the Central Valley.
Sneakers are preferable to sandals, and high heels should be avoided. Also, consider bringing spare shoes for water activities. It is important to protect yourself from the sun, heat, and mosquitoes: don’t forget your cap/hat, sunglasses, sunscreen, and repellent. During your excursions, carry cash (USD) to buy something to hydrate yourself before, during, and after your tour.
In general, mosquitoes are not abundant, but it is recommended to have insect repellent, as well as light long pants and a long-sleeved shirt for the evening.
Also, binoculars are useful for better observing wildlife and flora.
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TIME DIFFERENCE
From France, subtract 7 hours in winter and 8 hours in summer. Thus, in summer, when it is 8 pm in France, it is noon in Costa Rica.
TICO or TICA
Tico for males or Tica for females, is the nickname for Costa Ricans. This nickname comes from the local habit of adding “itico, itica” to the end of words to form affectionate diminutives. “Chiquito” becomes “chiquitico”… The population is 4.3 million inhabitants, mostly descendants of European settlers, with a minority of Afro-Caribbeans, indigenous peoples, and Chinese.
TIPPING
In restaurants, the “propina” is included in the service, but a tip is always appreciated. It is given when you are satisfied with the service, at the time of the bill. It is customary to leave at least one dollar per person or a 1000 colones bill.
TAXIS
Official taxis are red and display a yellow triangle on the doors. In the city, there are many taxis equipped with a meter called “la maria”. Their rates are moderate, and the first kilometer, displayed on the meter as soon as you board, is currently charged at 510 colones.
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VISA
No visa is required by Costa Rican authorities, but travelers whose flight stops in the United States must have an optical reader passport. Otherwise, they must apply for a transit visa from US authorities before departure.
VEHICLE
In Costa Rica, with a French driver
‘s license, it is entirely possible to rent a vehicle of any kind (minibus, 4×4, tourist…). Some driving rules must be followed. The main roads, regularly punctuated by gas stations, are in fairly good condition. Remember that Costa Rica is a mountainous country: bends are not absent and often hairpin. The state of the secondary network is more random. Radar checks are frequent; speed limits (80 to 90 km/h on highways) must be respected.
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YIGÜÏRRO
Brown thrush with a yellow beak, it is the national bird of Costa Rica. It is said to have been chosen as a national symbol for the beauty of its song. It is also said to sing to bring rain in May after a long dry period. It can be found throughout the country.
